The global warming process during last century has not only affected on meteorological elements but also affected on onset and end of each meteorological elements. For studying probability changes in time series of onset and end date of temperature thresholds 0 and 5 centigrade in country level and deciding the kind and its direction, daily temperature data during the past 45 years (1962-2006) for 29 synoptic meteorology stations have been used. For doing this research, first, extract onset and end date of temperature in Gliosis code has been implied. The homogeny of time series was tested by run-test and construct missing value by auto-correlation. For distinguishing random data and trends which had in 95% of trusty level some changes, Mann Kendal method was used. The type and onset time trend was calculated and the changes were also calculated in terms of days with graphic of Mann Kendal and moving average 5 year. The findings of this research shows that there are positive trend at Alpha level 0.05 for onset date of 5 centigrade temperature at 11 stations, negative trend for end date of 5 centigrade temperature at 10 stations . There are also positive trend at Alpha level 0.05 for onset date of 0 centigrade temperature at 10 stations, negative trend for end date of 0 centigrade temperatures at 6 stations. The graphical Mann Kendal test also showed that trends could be as calm; jumping that each of them could be as descending and ascending.

In this paper we study Zero bias Conductance versus temperature in a junction which is located between a Nano-wire and a d-wave superconductor. We consider superconductor in two directions: (100) and (110). Based on scattering theory we calculate Zero bias conductance versus temperature and potential strength of the junction and compare our results with bulk cases. Qualitatively, our results in (100) direction don’t show any difference with bulk cases, while the difference between a Nano-wire (one dimensional metal) and a two dimensional normal metal is remarkable when superconductor is in the (110) direction. On the other hand, in two dimensional cases, Zero bias conductance is an increasing function of potential strength of the junction, while our results show that it is a decreasing function which is due to the disappearance of Zero bias conductance peaks.

One of the important issues in the production of concrete is environmental variability that affects the concrete and elements constructed from this material. Due to the importance of different characteristics of concrete in short- and long-term conditions, this article aims to investigate the influence of initial temperature conditions of self-compacting concrete on its long-term characteristics and determine the initial optimal temperature of concrete. For these purposes, several experiments under three temperature conditions of 5, 20, and 40 degree-of-Celsius were conducted to evaluate the rheology and mechanical properties of fresh concrete in the range of 7 and 28 days. In these experiments, alternative mineral admixtures of cement such as micro-silica, fly ash, and zeolite were used to build the concrete specimens. Results demonstrate that the mechanical properties of the specimens increase with increasing initial temperature in the short term, while such properties significantly decrease in the long term compared to the specimens constructed under lower initial temperature. Moreover, the fluidity of self-compacting concrete increases with increasing initial temperature.

We provide criteria for identifying exact pairs of Zero-divisors from Zero-divisor graphs of commutative rings, and extend these criteria to compressed Zero-divisor graphs. Finally, our results are translated as constructions for exact Zero-divisor subgraphs.